*Who are Ghaus, Qutb, and Abdal?*


1) *Ghaus* – The worldly Qutb is called _Madadgar_ or _Al-Ghaus_, and this manifests in one person present on earth. The cosmic Qutb appears as a virtue in the Ghaus, which can be traced back to Al-Hallaj, and he is the spiritual leader for the earthly saints. It is said that all creatures, hidden beings, living and non-living, should pledge their allegiance to the Ghaus, who is given great authority. Exempted from this are only those individuals who are connected with the angels, the jinn who are under the jurisdiction of Khidr, and those people who belong to the 10th rank of the _Rijal al-Ghayb_ [Men of the Unseen].


2) *Qutb* – In Arabic, _Qutb_ means axis. The term _Qutb_ can refer to celestial motion and may be used as an astronomical term or as a spiritual symbol. In Sufism, the Qutb is the Perfect Human, _Insan-e-Kamil_, the universal man who leads the sacred hierarchy. In every era there are five Qutbs, and they are infallible and trustworthy spiritual leaders. They are revealed only to a select group of Sufis, because there is a human need for direct knowledge of God. In Sufism there are two different concepts of Qutb: the worldly Qutb and the cosmic Qutb.


3) *Abdal* – This is a rank of 40 saints, but in most Sufi geography there is a larger group of 356 saints. In this theology it is said that they are known and appointed only by Allah, and through their actions the existence of the world continues. _Abdal_ is the plural of _badal_ or _badl_, and it means “those who are replaced/changed.” The mission of the Abdal is that wherever they live, they become the benevolent subjects of God and provide a helping hand to all of God’s creation.  


As for the number of the Abdal: among creation there are 300 servants of Allah whose hearts are like that of Adam (AS), 40 whose hearts resemble the heart of Musa, and seven whose hearts resemble the heart of Ibrahim. There are five whose hearts are like Jibreel, and three whose hearts are like Mika’il, and one whose heart is like that of Israfil. When the one whose heart is like Israfil dies, then one of the three whose heart is like Mika’il takes his place, and one of the five whose heart is like Jibreel takes his place.

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