*Nikah (Marriage)*


Nikah is completed in the presence of two witnesses with offer and acceptance — meaning one party says “I have married you” and the other party says “I accept,” then the nikah is done. However, the Sunnah way of nikah is that it should be announced publicly, a marriage gathering should be held, the Nikah sermon should be recited, and then the offer and acceptance take place. Holding a walima after nikah is also Sunnah.


Mahr is necessary for nikah. It is best to pay the mahr at the first meeting itself. It is also permissible to pay it later, but paying it is obligatory. There is no maximum limit for mahr. However, there is a difference of opinion among jurists regarding the minimum amount. According to Imam Abu Hanifah, the minimum mahr is 10 dirhams, which is equal to 2 tola 7.5 masha of silver. When deciding the mahr, the status of both the man and woman should be considered.


*Women with whom marriage is not permissible* — Allah says:  

“Forbidden to you are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your paternal aunts, your maternal aunts, your brother’s daughters, your sister’s daughters, your foster-mothers who suckled you, your foster-sisters, the mothers of your wives, and your step-daughters who are under your guardianship — born of your wives with whom you have consummated marriage; but if you have not consummated marriage with them, then there is no sin upon you if you marry their daughters. And also forbidden are the wives of your sons who are from your own loins. And it is also forbidden that you combine two sisters in marriage at the same time.” [Surah An-Nisa, Ayah 23, Qur’an]


Marrying a mushrik man or woman is not permissible in Islam. However, marriage with People of the Book (Christians and Jews) is permitted. Islam has also allowed marrying up to four women at one time, but the condition is that if there is more than one, you must do justice among them. If you cannot do justice, then you should marry only one. If there are multiple wives, there should not be such a relationship among them that if one of them were considered a man, their mutual marriage would be unlawful. For example, one cannot marry an aunt and niece, or a paternal aunt and her brother’s daughter at the same time, because if either the aunt or the niece were considered a man, their mutual marriage would not be valid.


*Women with whom marriage is permissible* —  

“O Prophet! We have made lawful to you your wives to whom you have given their mahr, and those whom your right hand possesses from what Allah has given you, and the daughters of your paternal uncles and the daughters of your paternal aunts and the daughters of your maternal uncles and the daughters of your maternal aunts who emigrated with you, and a believing woman if she offers herself to the Prophet — if the Prophet wishes to marry her — this is only for you, and not for the believers. We certainly know what We have made obligatory for them concerning their wives and those whom their right hands possess. This is in order that there may be no difficulty upon you. And Allah is Ever Forgiving and Merciful.”  

Qur’an, Surah Al-Ahzab (33:50)

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