*Syed Mohammad Mir Adal Amrohvi*


Syed Mohammad Mir Adal was born on 9 March 1509 CE in the present-day Mohalla Gher Karam Ali Khan of Amroha. His father, Mir Syed Muntakhab Sani, was a distinguished son of his era who was a senior military officer during the reign of Mughal Emperor Babur. In recognition of his notable conquests, the emperor granted him the entire jagir of Amroha.


Syed Mir Adal’s elder brother, Syed Mubarak, was also appointed to one of the highest military posts in Akbar’s court during his time. Syed Mohammad Mir Adal received his early education in Amroha. Initially, he also served as the first mudarris of the present Jama Masjid in Mohalla Maulana. Some time later, for further education, he went to Agra, where he acquired higher religious and worldly learning. His reputation for piety began to spread throughout the city.[teacher]


In the light of this great background, the renowned court scholar of that era, Mulla Abdul Qadir Badauni, records Bairam Khan’s testimony that Syed Mohammad Mir Adal was appointed to Akbar’s court. In 1540, according to Emperor Akbar’s decree, Syed Mohammad Mir Adal’s first appointment was as Subedar of Lahore.


After serving in several other judicial and military posts, and observing his extraordinary ability and wisdom, Akbar appointed him to the highest office in the world. In the present era, this post is called Chief Justice; at that time the office was known as “Mir Adalat.”


Syed Mohammad Mir Adal implemented justice and fairness, truthfulness and integrity in such a manner that let alone common people, no noble or even the emperor himself could commit any act of tyranny in the government. Mir Adal carried out the affairs of state under Islamic principles, which were enforced strictly. In light of these principles, special importance was given to religion and it was made clear.


When Akbar, for his political interests, announced the promulgation of Din-i-Ilahi, Syed Mohammad Mir Adal openly opposed it. As a result, matters escalated and Syed Mohammad Mir Adal was removed from the exalted post of judiciary, and that office was abolished for good.


Following Akbar’s order of dismissal, murmurs of rebellion began in the court. Seeing this, the emperor did not expel Mir Adal from government altogether, but instead made him Governor of Sindh and sent him away from the imperial court of Agra and Delhi.


Syed Mohammad Mir Adal accepted this governorship with patience and took his three sons along with him. Five hundred years ago, Syed Mohammad Mir Adal’s salary was equivalent to about ₹9,000 per month. Along with this amount, Mir Adal was given 94 horses, 30 elephants, 42 camels, and mules from the royal court.


Syed Adal passed away while serving as governor on 26 November 1577 in the city of Bhakkar, in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.

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