PROMINENT ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS

 PROMINENT ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS-

1)Wahabi Movement- the teachings of Ibn Abdul Wahab of Arabia and the preaching of Shah waliullah 1702 to 1763 inspired this as a essentially revivalist response to Western influences. the degeneration which had set in among Indian Muslims and called for a return to the true spirit of Islam. He was the first Muslim leader of 18th century, to organise the Muslims of India into two folds ideals of this movement(i) desirability of harmony among four schools of jurisprudence(which divided the Indian Muslims) (ii)recognition of the role of an individual in conscience in religion where conflicting interpretations are derive from Quran and Hadis. Teachings of valiullah further popularised by Syed Ahmed Barelvi and Shah Abdul Aziz who also gave them a political perspective.

2) Titu Mir's Movement - Mir nithar Ali popularly known as titu mir was a disciple of Syed Ahmed Bareillvy. Titu Mir adopted wahabism and advocated Sharia. 

3) Faraizi movement- the movement laid emphasis on Islamic pillers of faith. It was founded by Haji shariyat ullah in 1818. It's Scene of action was East Bengal and it aimed at the eradication of social innovation aur unislamic practices which were prevalent among the Muslims.

4) Deoband Movement- the movement was organised as a revivalist movement with the twin objectives of propagating the pure teachings of Quran and hadees among the Muslims. The movement was begun in Deoband in Saharanpur district in 1866 by Mohammed Qasim nanotvi ( 1832-80) and Rashid Ahmed gangohi(1828-1905) to train the religious leaders of the Muslim community. The aim of the movement was the moral and religious regeneration of Muslims. Mahmudul Hasan, a new Deoband leader gave a political intellectual content to the institution. The jamiat e Ulema gave a concrete shape to Hasan ideas of protection of the political and religious rights of the Muslims. 

5) Nadwa Movement -Shibli nomani, a supporter of the deoband school, favoured the inclusion of English language and European sciences in the system of education he founded the Nadwatul ulema and Darul ulum in Lucknow in 1894-1896.

6) Khilafat Movement- Muslims were angered to the treatment meted out to the Khalifa after the World war first. Khalifa was removed from the power. In 1919 a khilafat committee was formed under the leadership of Maulana Shaukat Ali and Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar to force the British government to change his attitude towards Turkey. All India khilafat conference was held in Delhi in 1919 and call was made for boycott of British goods.

Reference: Modern History - Rajiv Ahir